Macrophages and leucocytes exhibit
Question: Macrophages and leucocytes exhibit a. Ciliary movement b. Flagellar movement c. Amoeboid movement d. Gliding movement Solution: Option (c)Amoeboid movementis the answer....
Read More →Knee joint and elbow joint are examples of
Question: Knee joint and elbow joint are examples of a. Saddle joint b. Ball and socket joint c. Pivot joint d. Hinge joint Solution: Option (d)Hinge jointis the answer....
Read More →Which one of the following pairs is incorrect?
Question: Which one of the following pairs is incorrect? a. Hinge joint: between Humerus and Pectoral girdle b. Pivot joint: between the atlas and axis c. Gliding joint: between the carpals d. Saddle joint: between carpals and metacarpals of thumb Solution: Option (a)Hinge joint: between Humerus and Pectoral girdle is the answer....
Read More →Evaluate the following integrals:
Question: Evaluate the following integrals: $\int \frac{e^{\operatorname{msin}^{-1} x}}{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}} d x$ Solution: Assume $\sin ^{-1} x=t$ $d\left(\sin ^{-1} x\right)=d t$ $\Rightarrow \frac{\mathrm{dx}}{\sqrt{1-\mathrm{x}^{2}}}=\mathrm{dt}$ $\therefore$ Substituting $t$ and $d t$ in given equation we get $\Rightarrow \int \mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{mt}} \mathrm{dt}$ $\Rightarrow \frac{\mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{mt}}}{\mathrm{m}}+\mathrm{c}$ But $t=\sin ^{-1} x$ $\Rightarrow \frac{\mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{msin...
Read More →Which one of the following is showing the correct sequential
Question: Which one of the following is showing the correct sequential order of vertebrae in the vertebral column of human beings? a. Cervical lumbar thoracic sacral coccygeal b. Cervical thoracic sacral lumbar coccygeal c. Cervical sacral thoracic lumbar coccygeal d. Cervical thoracic lumbar sacral coccygeal Solution: Option (d)Cervical thoracic lumbar sacral coccygeal is the answer....
Read More →Intervertebral disc is found in the vertebral
Question: Intervertebral disc is found in the vertebral column of a. Birds b. Reptiles c. Mammals d. Amphibians Solution: Option (c)Mammals is the answer....
Read More →ATPase of the muscle is located in
Question: ATPase of the muscle is located in a. Actinin b. Troponin c. Myosin d. Actin Solution: Option (c)Myosin is the answer....
Read More →What is the type of movable joint present
Question: What is the type of movable joint present between the atlas and axis? a. Pivot b. Saddle c. Hinge d. Gliding Solution: Option (a)Pivot is the answer....
Read More →Evaluate the following integrals:
Question: Evaluate the following integrals: $\int 5^{x+\tan ^{-1} x}\left(\frac{x^{2}+2}{x^{2}+1}\right) d x$ Solution: Assume $x+\tan ^{-1} x=t$] $d\left(x+\tan ^{-1} x\right)=d t$ $\Rightarrow 1+\frac{1}{x^{2}+1}=d t$ $\Rightarrow \frac{2+\mathrm{x}^{2}}{\mathrm{x}^{2}+1}=\mathrm{dt}$ Substituting $\mathrm{t}$ and $\mathrm{dt}$ $\Rightarrow \int 5^{t} d t$ $\Rightarrow \frac{5^{t}}{\log 5}+c$ But $\mathrm{t}=\mathrm{x}+\tan ^{-1} \mathrm{x}$ $\Rightarrow \frac{5^{x+\tan ^{-1} x}}{\log 5}+c$...
Read More →Ribs are attached to
Question: Ribs are attached to a. Scapula b. Sternum c. Clavicle d. Ilium Solution: Option (b)Sternumis the answer....
Read More →Match the following and mark the correct option
Question: Match the following and mark the correct option Options: a. A-i, B-ii, C-iv, D-iii b. A-ii, B-i, C-iii, D-iv c. A-ii, B-i, C-iv, D-iii d. A-iii, B-ii, C-iv, D-i Solution: Option (c)A-ii, B-i, C-iv, D-iii is the answer....
Read More →Evaluate the following integrals:
Question: Evaluate the following integrals: $\int \frac{(x+1) e^{x}}{\sin ^{2}\left(x e^{x}\right)} d x$ Solution: Assume $x e^{x}=t$ $d\left(x e^{x}\right)=d t$ $\left(e^{x}+x e^{x}\right) d x=d t$ $e^{x}(1+x) d x=d t$ Substituting $\mathrm{t}$ and $\mathrm{dt}$ $\Rightarrow \int \frac{d t}{\sin ^{2} t}$ $\Rightarrow \int \csc ^{2} t d t$ $\Rightarrow-\cot t+c$ But $t=x e^{x}+1$ $\Rightarrow-\cot \left(x e^{x}\right)+c$...
Read More →Describe the structure of a human kidney
Question: Describe the structure of a human kidney with the help of a labelled diagram. Solution: The kidney is a reddish-brown coloured organ which is a bean-shaped located between the last thoracic and third lumbar vertebra near the abdominal cavity. The hilum is a notch which is present in the inner side of the kidney through which ureter, blood vessels and nerves enter. Columns of Bertini and an inner medulla divided into medullary pyramids projecting into the calyx which is inside the kidne...
Read More →Evaluate the following integrals:
Question: Evaluate the following integrals: $\int \frac{\sin \sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}} d x$ Solution: Assume $\sqrt{x}=t$ $d(\sqrt{x})=d t$ $\Rightarrow \frac{1}{2 \sqrt{x}} \mathrm{dx}=\mathrm{dt}$ $\Rightarrow \frac{1}{\sqrt{x}} \mathrm{dx}=2 \mathrm{dt}$ Substituting $\mathrm{t}$ and $\mathrm{dt}$ $\Rightarrow 2 \int \sin t d t$ $=-2 \cos t+c$ But $\sqrt{x}=t$ $\Rightarrow 2 \cos (\sqrt{x})+c$...
Read More →The glomerular filtrate in the loop of Henle gets concentrated
Question: The glomerular filtrate in the loop of Henle gets concentrated in the descending and then gets diluted in the ascending limbs. Explain. Solution: Reabsorption is minimum in its ascending limb which plays a significant role in the maintenance of high osmolarity of medullary interstitial fluid. The descending limb of the loop of Henle is permeable to water but almost impermeable to electrolytes so water can flow out. This concentrates the filtrate as it moves down. The ascending limb all...
Read More →How does tubular secretion help in maintaining
Question: How does tubular secretion help in maintaining ionic and acid-base balance in body fluids? Solution: Tubular secretion is crucial as it helps in the maintenance of ionic balance in the body fluids. During urine formation, Proximal Convoluted Tubule maintains the pH and ionic balance of the body fluids by selective secretion. Distal Convoluted Tubule is where conditional reabsorption of sodium ions and water takes place and maintain the ionic balance and pH. Collecting Duct: From this l...
Read More →Explain briefly, micturition and disorders
Question: Explain briefly, micturition and disorders of the excretory system Solution: The functional unit of the kidney is nephron where the urine is formed and followed by the urinary bladder. The urine will be stored until a voluntary signal is given by the central nervous system. his signal stretched the urinary bladder as it gets filled with urine. In response, the stretch receptors on the bladder walls would now send signals to the CNS that passes on motor messages that would lead to contr...
Read More →Explain the mechanism of formation of
Question: Explain the mechanism of formation of concentrated urine in mammals. Solution: The Henles loop and vasa recta play an important role in the formation of concentrated urine. The transport of sodium chloride in the ascending limb of Henles loop results in an osmolar gradient. The creation of a hypertonic medulla is facilitated by the renal tubules and vasa recta in the following manner: There is an active absorption of urea that occurs from the collecting tubule. In the vasa recta, absor...
Read More →Comment upon the hormonal regulation
Question: Comment upon the hormonal regulation of selective reabsorption. Solution: Selective reabsorption is the process in which some molecules like glucose, ions and certain amino acids get reabsorbed from the filtrate as they pass through the neuron. ADH i.e. Antidiuretic hormone and ANF i.e. Atrial Natriuretic Factor are the hormones which monitor the function of the kidney. ADH functions as the facilitation of the reabsorption of water from DCT. The adrenal cortex is activated by Angiotens...
Read More →Evaluate the following integrals:
Question: Evaluate the following integrals: $\int \frac{1}{x^{2}} \cos ^{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}\right) d x$ Solution: Assume $\frac{1}{x}=t$ $\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x^{2}} d x=d t$ Substituting $\mathrm{t}$ and $\mathrm{dt}$ we get $\Rightarrow \int \cos ^{2} t d t$ $\Rightarrow \cos ^{2} x=\frac{1+\cos 2 x}{2}$ $\therefore$ The given equation becomes, $\Rightarrow \int \frac{1-\cos 2 t}{2} d x$ We know $\int \cos a x d x=\frac{1}{a} \sin a x+c$ $\Rightarrow \frac{1}{2} \int \mathrm{dxt}-\frac{1}{2} ...
Read More →Explain, why a haemodialysis unit called
Question: Explain, why a haemodialysis unit called an artificial kidney? Solution: A haemodialysis unit is also called an artificial kidney because it is responsible for performing the same functions that a kidney functions....
Read More →How have the terrestrial organisms adapted
Question: How have the terrestrial organisms adapted themselves for the conservation of water? Solution: The terrestrial mammals or even amphibians mainly excrete nitrogenous wastes in form of urea and hence are known as ureotelic organisms while reptiles, etc. excrete nitrogenous wastes in form of uric acid and hence are called uricotelic organisms. Thus this is how the conversion of ammonia to urea or uric acid has been the adaptation that the terrestrial organisms have gone through for conser...
Read More →What is the procedure advised for the correction
Question: What is the procedure advised for the correction of extreme renal failure? Give a brief account of it. Solution: The procedure advised for the correction of extreme renal failure is kidney transplantation. Donor compatibility is evaluated by blood tests that match the blood types and antigens....
Read More →Evaluate the following integrals:
Question: Evaluate the following integrals: $\int \frac{e^{\sqrt{x}} \cos \left(e^{\sqrt{x}}\right)}{\sqrt{x}} d x$ Solution: Assume $e^{\sqrt{x}}=t$ $d\left(e^{\sqrt{x}}\right)=d t$ $\Rightarrow \frac{e^{\sqrt{x}}}{2 \sqrt{x}} d x=d t$ $\Rightarrow \frac{e^{\sqrt{x}}}{\sqrt{x}} d x=2 d t$ Substituting $\mathrm{t}$ and $\mathrm{dt}$ $\Rightarrow 2 \int \cos t d t$ $=2 \sin t+c$ But $t=e^{\sqrt{x}}$ $\Rightarrow 2 \sin \left(e^{\sqrt{x}}\right)+c$...
Read More →The composition of glomerular filtrate and urine
Question: The composition of glomerular filtrate and urine is not the same. Comment. Solution: The glomerular filtrate is formed at the first step of the urine formation in the Bowmans capsule while urine is formed at the end of the nephron....
Read More →