Question:
What must be added to $2 x^{4}-5 x^{3}+2 x^{2}-x-3$ so that the result is exactly divisible by $(x-2) ?$
Solution:
Let $k$ be added to $2 x^{4}-5 x^{3}+2 x^{2}-x-3$ so that the result is exactly divisible by $(x-2)$. Here, $k$ is a constant.
$\therefore f(x)=2 x^{4}-5 x^{3}+2 x^{2}-x-3+k$ is exactly divisible by $(x-2)$.
Using factor theorem, we have
$f(2)=0$
$\Rightarrow 2 \times 2^{4}-5 \times 2^{3}+2 \times 2^{2}-2-3+k=0$
$\Rightarrow 32-40+8-5+k=0$
$\Rightarrow-5+k=0$
$\Rightarrow k=5$
Thus, 5 must be added to $2 x^{4}-5 x^{3}+2 x^{2}-x-3$ so that the result is exactly divisible by $(x-2)$.