Tickets numbered 2, 3, 4, 5, ..., 100, 101 are placed in a box and mixed thoroughly. One ticket is drawn at random from the box. Find the probability that the number on the ticket is
(i) an even number
(ii) a number less than 16
(iii) a number which is a perfect square
(iv) a prime number less than 40
All possible outcomes are 2, 3, 4, 5................101.
Number of all possible outcomes = 100
(i) Out of these the numbers that are even = 2, 4, 6, 8...................100
Let E1 be the event of getting an even number.
Then, number of favourable outcomes = 50 $\left[T_{n}=100 \Rightarrow 2+(n-1) \times 2=100, \Rightarrow n=50\right]$
$\therefore P$ (getting an even number) $=\frac{50}{100}=\frac{1}{2}$
(ii) Out of these, the numbers that are less than 16 = 2,3,4,5,..................15.
Let E2 be the event of getting a number less than 16.
Then, number of favourable outcomes = 14
$\therefore P$ (getting a number less than 16 ) $=\frac{14}{100}=\frac{7}{50}$
(iii) Out of these, the numbers that are perfect squares = 4, 9,16,25, 36, 49, 64, 81 and 100
Let E3 be the event of getting a number that is a perfect square.
Let E4 be the event of getting a prime number less than 40.
Then, number of favourable outcomes = 12