Question:
$\frac{d y}{d x}+y=1(y \neq 1)$
Solution:
The given differential equation is:
$\frac{d y}{d x}+y=1$
$\Rightarrow d y+y d x=d x$
$\Rightarrow d y=(1-y) d x$\
Separating the variables, we get:
$\Rightarrow \frac{d y}{1-y}=d x$
Now, integrating both sides, we get:
$\int \frac{d y}{1-y}=\int d x$
$\Rightarrow \log (1-y)=x+\log \mathrm{C}$
$\Rightarrow-\log \mathrm{C}-\log (1-y)=x$
$\Rightarrow \log \mathrm{C}(1-y)=-x$
$\Rightarrow \mathrm{C}(1-y)=e^{-x}$
$\Rightarrow 1-y=\frac{1}{\mathrm{C}} e^{-x}$
$\Rightarrow y=1-\frac{1}{\mathrm{C}} e^{-x}$
$\Rightarrow y=1+A e^{-x}\left(\right.$ where $\left.A=-\frac{1}{\mathrm{C}}\right)$
This is the required general solution of the given differential equation.