Justify giving reactions that among halogens, fluorine is the best oxidant and among hydrohalic compounds,
Justify giving reactions that among halogens, fluorine is the best oxidant and among hydrohalic compounds, hydroiodic acid is the best reductant.
$\mathrm{F}_{2}$ can oxidize $\mathrm{Cl}^{-}$to $\mathrm{Cl}_{2}$, Br to $\mathrm{Br}_{2}$, and $\mathrm{I}^{-}$to $\mathrm{I}_{2}$ as:
$\mathrm{F}_{2(\text { av })}+2 \mathrm{Cl}_{(s)}^{-} \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{~F}_{(\text {aq })}^{-}+\mathrm{Cl}_{(g)}$
$\mathrm{F}_{2(a q)}+2 \mathrm{Br}_{(a q)}^{-} \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{~F}_{(a q)}^{-}+\mathrm{Br}_{2(n)}$
$\mathrm{F}_{2(\text { ax })}+2 \mathrm{I}_{\text {(ap) }}^{-} \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{~F}_{(\text {aqu })}^{-}+\mathrm{I}_{2(s)}$
On the other hand, $\mathrm{Cl}_{2}, \mathrm{Br}_{2}$, and $\mathrm{I}_{2}$ cannot oxidize $\mathrm{F}^{-}$to $\mathrm{F}_{2}$. The oxidizing power of halogens increases in the order of $\mathrm{I}_{2}<\mathrm{Br}_{2}<\mathrm{Cl}_{2}<\mathrm{F}_{2}$. Hence, fluorine is the best oxidant among halogens.
$\mathrm{HI}$ and $\mathrm{HBr}$ can reduce $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}$ to $\mathrm{SO}_{2}$, but $\mathrm{HCl}$ and $\mathrm{HF}$ cannot. Therefore, $\mathrm{Hl}$ and $\mathrm{HBr}$ are stronger reductants than $\mathrm{HCl}$ and $\mathrm{HF}$.
$2 \mathrm{HI}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \longrightarrow \mathrm{I}_{2}+\mathrm{SO}_{2}+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$
$2 \mathrm{HBr}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \longrightarrow \mathrm{Br}_{2}+\mathrm{SO}_{2}+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$
Again, $\mathrm{I}^{-}$can reduce $\mathrm{Cu}^{2+}$ to $\mathrm{Cu}^{+}$, but $\mathrm{Br}^{-}$cannot.
$4 \mathrm{I}_{(\text {ap })}^{-}+2 \mathrm{Cu}_{\text {(ial) }}^{2+} \longrightarrow \mathrm{Cu}_{2} \mathrm{I}_{2(s)}+\mathrm{I}_{2(\text { aq })}$
Hence, hydroiodic acid is the best reductant among hydrohalic compounds.
Thus, the reducing power of hydrohalic acids increases in the order of $\mathrm{HF}<\mathrm{HCl}<\mathrm{HBr}<\mathrm{HI}$.