Question:
If four numbers in A.P. are such that their sum is 50 and the greatest number is 4 times the least, then the numbers are
(a) 5, 10, 15, 20
(b) 4, 10, 16, 22
(c) 3, 7, 11, 15
(d) none of these
Solution:
(a) 5, 10, 15, 20
Let the four numbers in A.P. be as follows:
$a-2 d, a-d, a, a+d$
Their sum = 50 (Given)
$\Rightarrow(a-2 d)+(a-d)+a+(a+d)=50$
$\Rightarrow 2 a-d=25$
Also, $(a+d)=4(a-2 d)$
$\Rightarrow a+d=4 a-8 d$
$\Rightarrow 3 d=a$ ....(2)
From equations
d = 5, a = 15
Hence, the numbers are $15-10,15-5,15,15+5$, i.e. $5,10,15,20$.