Evaluate the following determinants:
(i) $\left|\begin{array}{cc}x & -7 \\ x & 5 x+1\end{array}\right|$
(ii) $\left|\begin{array}{cc}\cos \theta & -\sin \theta \\ \sin \theta & \cos \theta\end{array}\right|$
(iii) $\left|\begin{array}{ll}\cos 15^{\circ} & \sin 15^{\circ} \\ \sin 75^{\circ} & \cos 75^{\circ}\end{array}\right|$
(iv) $\left|\begin{array}{cc}a+i b & c+i d \\ -c+i d & a-i b\end{array}\right|$
(i)
$\Delta=x(5 x+1)+7 x=5 x^{2}+x+7 x$
$=5 x^{2}+8 x$
(ii)
$\Delta=\cos ^{2} \theta-\left(-\sin ^{2} \theta\right)$
$=\cos ^{2} \theta+\sin ^{2} \theta=1$
(iii)
$\Delta=\cos 15^{\circ} \cos 75^{\circ}-\sin 15^{\circ} \sin 75^{\circ}$
$=\cos 15^{\circ} \cos 75^{\circ}-\sin \left(90^{\circ}-75^{\circ}\right) \sin \left(90^{\circ}-15^{\circ}\right)$ $\left[\because \sin \left(90^{\circ}-\theta\right)=\cos \theta\right]$
$=\cos 15^{\circ} \cos 75^{\circ}-\cos 75^{\circ} \cos 15^{\circ}$
(iv)
$\Delta=a^{2}-i^{2} b^{2}-\left(i^{2} d^{2}-c^{2}\right)$
$=a^{2}-i^{2} b^{2}-i^{2} d^{2}+c^{2}$
$=a^{2}+c^{2}-i^{2}\left(b^{2}+d^{2}\right)$ $\left[\because i^{2}=-1\right]$
$=a^{2}+c^{2}+b^{2}+d^{2}$
$=\cos 15^{\circ} \cos 75^{\circ}-\cos 15^{\circ} \cos 75^{\circ}=0$