Based on standard electrode potential values, suggest which of the following reactions would take place? (Consult the book for E\degree value).
(i) Cu + Zn2+→ Cu2+ + Zn
(ii) Mg + Fe2+→ Mg2+ + Fe
(iii) Br2 + 2Cl-→ Cl2 + 2Br-
(iv) Fe + Cd2+→ Cd + Fe2+
(i) Cu + Zn2+→ Cu2+ + Zn
Here Cu undergoes oxidation so it acts as anode and Zn acts as the cathode. So from the table
For cathode E°cathode = -0.76 V
For anode E°anode = 0.52 V
E°cell = -0.24V
As the EMF of the cell is negative the given reaction will not occur spontaneously if they were to form a cell placed as electrodes.
(ii) Mg + Fe2+→ Mg2+ + Fe
Similarly, we can say that Mg undergoes oxidation and Fe undergoes reduction.
E°cathode = -0.44 V
E°anode = -2.36 V
E°cell = +1.92V
Positive EMF implies that the reaction will give out energy and attain stability, thus it will occur spontaneously. So the given redox reaction will occur.
(iii) Br2 + 2Cl-→ Cl2 + 2Br-
Here Br undergoes reduction thus acting as cathode and Cl acting as the anode.
For cathode E°cathode = 1.09 V
For anode E°anode = 1.36 V
E°cell = -0.25
The negative potential prevents easy reaction, so the redox reaction will not occur.
(iv) Fe + Cd2+→ Cd + Fe2+
Fe is the cathode and Cd is the anode
For cathode E°cathode = -0.44 V
For anode E°anode = -0.40 V
E°cell = -0.04v
The negative potential prevents easy reaction, so the redox reaction will not occur.