Question:
A bag contains 3 red balls and 5 black balls. A ball is drawn at random from the bag. What is the probability that the ball drawn is (i) red? (ii) not red?
Solution:
(i) Total number of balls in the bag = 8
Probability of getting a red ball $=\frac{\text { Number of favourable outcomes }}{\text { Number of total possible outcomes }}$
$=\frac{3}{8}$
(ii) Probability of not getting red ball
= 1 − Probability of getting a red ball
$=1-\frac{3}{8}$
$=\frac{5}{8}$