NCERT Solutions Class 12 Chemistry - Chapter 5 Coordination Compounds - PDF Download

NCERT solutions for Class 12 Chemistry chapter 5 will help you understand the concepts of Coordination Compounds and will heip you score high in board exam. This chapter is part of the syllabus for Chemistry, and it covers all the important concepts related to coordination compounds.

The chemistry of coordination compounds is one of the most interesting and difficult areas of modern inorganic chemistry. New ideas about chemical bonding and molecular structure have given us insight into how these compounds work as important building blocks of biological systems. Chlorophyll, hemoglobin and vitamin B12 are all coordination compounds made up of magnesium, iron and cobalt. A wide range of metallurgical processes, industrial catalysts, and analytical reagents use coordination compounds. They are also used in electroplating, textiles, dyeing, and medicinal chemistry.

Once you've completed this unit, you'll be able to

• Recognize the principles of Werner's theory, understand the terminology and know the meaning of the terms: coordination entity, central atom/ ion, ligand, coordination number, coordination sphere, coordination polyhedron, oxidation number, homoleptic and heteroleptic etc.

• Learn the classification rules of coordination compounds.

• Write the formula and name of mononucleotide coordination compounds.

• Define various types of isomers in coordination compounds.

• Understand how coordination compounds bond according to Valence Bond theory and Crystal Field theory.

• Recognize the importance and applications of coordination compounds in our day to day life.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 5 Subtopics

5.1 Werner’s Theory of Coordination Compounds: Alfred Werner’s theory of coordination compounds was first proposed in 1893 and revolutionized the field of coordination chemistry. Coordination compounds were poorly understood prior to his work, and their complex structures were mysterious. His theory laid the groundwork for modern coordination chemistry, providing a new understanding of bonding and the structure of coordination compounds.

5.2 Definitions of Some Important Terms Pertaining to Coordination Compounds: Definitions of following Important terms Pertaining to Coordination Compounds is provided in this section

• Coordination entity

• Central atom/ion

• Ligands

• Coordination number

• Coordination sphere

• Coordination polyhedron

• Oxidation number of central atom

• Homoleptic and heteroleptic number

5.3 Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds: Nomenclature plays an important role in Coordination Chemistry due to the need for an unambiguous way of describing formulas and writing systematic names, especially for isomers. The formulas and names used for coordination entities are derived from IUPAC recommendations.

5.4 Isomerism in Coordination Compounds:  In coordination compounds, isomerism refers to the fact that there are more than one chemical compound that shares the same molecular formula, but whose atoms or ligands are arranged differently around a central metal ion. These isomers have distinct physical and chemical properties because of their different structural configurations.

5.5 Bonding in Coordination Compounds: In coordination compounds, the bond between the CMI (central metal ion) and ligands is called a "coordinate covalent bond". These compounds are made up of ligands that are aligned around the Central Metal Ion.

5.6 Bonding in Metal Carbonyls: Metal carbonyl bonds are formed by the addition of a single electron pair by the carbon atom to the unoccupied orbital of the metal.

5.7 Importance and Applications of Coordination Compounds: The coordination compounds are very important compounds. They are abundant in minerals, plants and animals and are widely used in analytical chemistry and metallurgy, in biological systems, in industry and in medicine.

Key Points of Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 5 NCERT Solutions

• The Chemistry of Coordinate Compounds is a significant and demanding domain of contemporary Inorganic Chemistry. Over the past half-century, progress in this domain has led to the development of novel concepts and models for bonding and molecular structure, new discoveries in chemical industry, and fundamental insights into the mechanisms of essential constituents of biological systems.

• A Werner's theory was the first systematic attempt to explain the formation, reaction, structure and bonding of coordination compounds. His theory proposed the use of primary and secondary linkages in a coordination compound by a metal atom/ion. In modern chemistry, these linkages are referred to as ionisable (ionizable) and covalent (non-ionizable) linkages. Werner used the isomerism property to predict the geometric shapes of large numbers of coordination compounds.

• The VBT (valence bond theory) describes the formation, magnetic behaviour, and geometric arrangement of coordination compounds relatively well. However, it does not provide a quantitative description of magnetic behaviour and has no information on coordination compounds optical properties.

• CFT (crystalline field theory) is an electropositive model in which the ionic bond between a metal ion and a ligand is the result of purely electrostatic interactions.

• The importance of coordination compounds cannot be overstated. These compounds offer crucial insights into the function and structure of essential elements of biological systems. Additionally, coordination compounds have a wide range of applications in metallurgical, analytical, and medicinal chemistry.

Importance of NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 5

Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions, including the Chapter on Coordination Compounds, are crucial study resources that are very important for students.

Here are a few reasons why class 12 chemistry NCERT Solutions is very important for

• Mastering coordination compounds: NCERT Solutions provide a clear and well-structured coverage of the chapter with detailed explanations, step by step solutions, and examples to help students understand the concepts effectively. 

• Accuracy and clarity: NCERT Solutions are developed by subject matter experts who are well-versed in the subject matter. They are based on the NCERT textbook and provide reliable information and the correct approach to solve problems. 

• Exam-oriented preparation: NCERT Solutions focus on the types of questions which are likely to be asked in board exams. Students can practice with these solutions to better understand the exam pattern and the question format. 

• Conceptual clarity: NCERT solutions focus on understanding the underlying concepts instead of rote learning which leads to conceptual clarity of chapter.

• Step by step guidance: For complex topics such as coordination compounds, NCERT Solutions provide step by step guidance to help students better understand the concept behind each step.

• Builds Confidence: NCERT Solutions help students solve problems and gain a deeper understanding of the subject, which in turn builds confidence and encourages students to perform better in their studie

To sum up, NCERT solutions for Class 12 chemistry play an important role in helping students to learn and prepare the chapter coordination compounds. NCERT solutions for Class 12 chemistry provide clear explanations, help in clarity of concepts, and are useful study companions for students to perform well in exams and gain a better knowledge of coordination compounds.

Frequently Asked Questions

Question 1: What are coordination compounds?

Answer 1 : A coordination compound is a complex molecule with a central metal ion (ion) or atom attached to ligands (molecules or ions). Ligands provide electron pairs to the center of the coordination molecule, forming coordinate bonds.

Question 2: Explain the difference between coordination isomers and ionization isomers?

Answer 2: Coordination and ionization isomer are two distinct coordination compounds in which a ligand (anion) and a counter-ion (cation) exchange positions in the coordination sphere. ionization isomer is a coordination compound resulting from the exchange of ligands between a coordination sphere and an outer sphere.