NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science - Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts - PDF Download

NCERT solutions for Class 10 science chapter 2 Acids, bases and salts will help students in preparing for the board exam. In order to score higher marks in the class 10 science examination, students should be familiar with the NCERT solutions for class 10 science provided here.

In this chapter, you will learn about the chemical nature and behavior of acid, base and salt. This chapter mainly deals with the chemical nature of the acids, base and salt and their reaction  with metal, non-metal and each other. It is highly recommended that students use NCERT Solutions for class 10 science chapter 2 while learning the basic concepts.

This chapter is also quite interesting as there are many practical experiments to help students understand the basic concepts.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Topics

2.1 Understanding the chemical properties of Acids and bases: It's really important to know the chemistry behind acids and bases. Basically, acids and bases are different substances that have different characteristics and reactions when they come into contact with other substances.

Following subtopics will be discussed in the section 2.1:

      2.1.1 Acids and bases in the laboratory

      2.1.2 How do acids and bases react with metals?

      2.1.3 How do metal carbonates and metal hydrogencarbonates react with acids?

      2.1.4 How do acids and bases react with each other?

      2.1.5 reaction of metallic oxides with acids

2.2 What do all acids and all bases have in common?: Acids and bases have some things in common that make them different from neutral substances.

Following subtopics will be discussed in the section 2.2:

      2.2.1 What happens to an acid or base in a water solution

2.3 How strong are acid or base solutions?: Acids and bases have different strengths depending on how many hydrogen ions they have in their solution. For acids, the concentration of hydrogen ions is H⁺, and for bases, the concentration of hydroxide ions is OH⁻. The amount of hydrogen and hydroxide ions in a solution affects the pH of the solution.

Following subtopics will be discussed in the section 2.3:

       2.3.1 Importance of pH in everyday life

2.4 More about salts: A salt is an ionic compound that is formed by the reaction of an acid with a base. The acid has positive ions called cations and the base has negative ions called anions. The reaction that results in salt and water is called the neutralization reaction.

Following subtopics will be discussed in the section 2.4:

       2.4.1 Family of Salts 

       2.4.2 pH of salts

       2.4.3 Chemicals from common salt

       2.4.4 Are the crystals of salts really dry?

Key Points of Class 10 Science Chapter 2

• Acids are molecules that, upon being dissolved in water, release hydrogen ions. Due to their acidic nature, they are characterized by a sour taste, and their color changes from blue to red in litmus paper. Acids can be categorized as either strong or weak depending on the degree of ionization present in the water.

• Bases are like acids in that when they're dissolved in water, they release a bunch of ions called hydroxide ions. They taste bitter, are slippery to the touch, and change color from red to litmus paper. Like acids, bases can get stronger or weaker depending on how they're ionized.

• The color of the indicator changes depending on the acidity, base, or neutrality of the solution. Some of the most common indicators are litmus paper (which changes color when the acidity is high), phenolthalein (which changes its color when the base is low), and methyl orange.

• A neutralization reaction is the reaction of an acid with a base to create salt and water. The neutralization reaction neutralizes the acidic or base characteristics of the solutions.

• Salts are formed when an acid reacts with a base to form an ionic compound. The ion is a positive one (cation) that comes from the base, and the acid is a negative one (anion).

• Acids are the raw materials used to make fertilizers, paints and coatings, and food ingredients such as vinegar. Bases are used to make soap, detergent and antacid.

Importance of Downloading the PDF of NCERT Solutions Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Acids Bases and Salts

Downloading pdfs of NCERT solutions for Class 10 science chapter 2 “Acids, bases, and salts” can provide several advantages for students. Here are some reasons why downloading the NCERT solutions in pdf format is beneficial for students:

Easy Accessibility: After downloading the pdf files, you can easily access them on your devices such as your computer, tablet, or smartphone, even if you are not connected to the internet.

Offline Learning: By downloading the solutions, you can study offline. This is especially useful when you are in a place where you don’t have access to the Internet.

Portable: The solutions can be carried with you on digital devices, eliminating the need to carry physical textbooks.

Time Saving: You can easily open the pdf file on your device, which saves time compared to looking for solutions in a printed book.

Compatibility: pdf files are open and viewable on different platforms and devices, making them compatible with different operating systems.

Consistency: The pdf version of the NCERT Solutions provides a consistent and standardised representation of the chapter contents.

Detailed solutions: NCERT solutions often provide step by step explanations, which make it easier to understand concepts and solve problems.

Frequently Asked Questions 

Question 1: What is an acid?

Answer 1: Acid is a chemical that dissolves in water to release hydrogen ions. Acids have a sour taste, change color from blue to red litmus paper, and react with specific metals to form hydrogen gas.

Question 2: What is a salt?

Answer 2: The reaction of an acid with a base results in formation of salt. A salt is made up of a cation of the base and an anion of the acid.