ISC Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25 - PDF Download
JEE Mains & Advanced
The ISC Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus for 2024-25 covers a broad range of topics designed to give students a comprehensive understanding of chemical principles. The syllabus is divided into three main sections: Physical Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, and Organic Chemistry.
In Physical Chemistry, students learn about solid states, including crystal structures, types of solids, and properties like conductivity. The syllabus also includes solutions and their properties, such as solubility, concentration terms, and colligative properties. Electrochemistry and chemical kinetics are important sections that explain the principles behind electrochemical cells, conductance, and the rate of chemical reactions. Students also study surface chemistry, focusing on adsorption, catalysis, and colloids.
Inorganic Chemistry focuses on the study of p-block elements, d-block and f-block elements, and coordination compounds. The syllabus covers the properties, preparation, and reactions of p-block elements like halogens, noble gases, and more. Transition elements and their characteristics, along with the lanthanides and actinides, are included in the d-block and f-block segments. Coordination compounds cover the basic concepts of ligands, coordination numbers, and the importance of these compounds in biological and industrial processes.
Organic Chemistry explores the fundamental concepts and compounds of organic reactions. Students learn about the structure, classification, and reactions of alcohols, phenols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and amines. The syllabus also includes polymers and biomolecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids. Students gain an understanding of their structures, functions, and significance in daily life.
Additionally, the syllabus emphasizes practical work, including volumetric analysis, detection of functional groups, and preparation of organic compounds. This hands-on approach helps students apply theoretical knowledge practically, which is essential for developing problem-solving and analytical skills needed in higher studies and professional fields like medicine and engineering.
ISC Class 12 Chemistry Semester-Wise Syllabus 2024-25
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Solutions Study of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, liquid in liquid, solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions, Colligative properties - Raoult's law of relative lowering of vapor pressure (1st & 2nd), elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure. Use of colligative properties in determining molecular masses of solutes, abnormal molecular mass association and dissociation, van't Hoff factor. |
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Electrochemistry Electrolytic and electrochemical cells, Redox reactions in electrochemical cells, Electromotive Force (emf) of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells, Relation between Gibbs energy change and emf of a cell, Conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific, equivalent and molar conductivity, variations of conductivity with concentration, graphs; Kohlrausch's Law of electrolysis and Faraday’s Laws of electrolysis, Dry cell and lead accumulator, fuel cells, corrosion |
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Chemical Kinetics Meaning of Chemical Kinetics – slow and fast reactions, Rate of a reaction - average and instantaneous rate (graphical representation), Factors affecting rate of reaction: surface area, nature of reactants, concentration, temperature, catalyst and radiation, Order and molecularity of a reaction, rate law and specific rate constant, Integrated rate equations and half-life (only for zero and first order reactions), concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment), Concept of threshold and activation energy, Arrhenious equation |
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d and f Block Elements Position in the periodic table, occurrence, electronic configuration and characteristics of transition metals, general trends in properties of the 3d-series of transition metals - metallic character, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, the color of ions, catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, alloy formation, preparation and properties of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4, Lanthanoids and actinoids. |
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Coordination Compounds Concept of complexes, the definition of ligands, coordination number, oxidation number, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds, Isomerism (structural and stereo), Bonding, Werner's theory, VBT and CFT, Colour, magnetic properties, and shapes, Importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and biological system). |
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Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Haloalkanes: General formula, nomenclature, and classification, Nature of C–X bond, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of substitution reactions, optical rotation Haloarenes: Basic idea, nature of C–X bond, substitution reactions (directive influence of halogen in monosubstituted compounds only), Uses and environmental effects of - dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetra-chloromethane, iodoform, freons and DDT. |
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Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers Alcohols: Classification, general formula, structure and nomenclature, Methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only), identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration, uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol. Phenols: Classification and nomenclature, Methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of phenol, electrophilic substitution reactions, uses of phenols Aliphatic Ethers: General formula, structure, and nomenclature, Methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses. Aryl ethers: Physical properties – state and solubility Chemical properties – preparation of anisole (Williamson’s synthesis), electrophilic, substitution (halogenation, nitration, and Friedel-Crafts reaction), Use of ether |
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Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, structure of methods of preparation of aldehydes and ketones, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes and uses Carboxylic Acids: Classification, general formula and structure of the carboxylic group, Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties and uses. |
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Organic compounds containing Nitrogen Aliphatic Amines: General formula and, classification of amines, Structure of the amino group, nomenclature. Methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses, identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines Aniline: Preparation reduction of nitrobenzene, Physical properties – state, solubility, and boiling point, Chemical properties:- (Reaction with HCl and H2 SO4, Acetylation, alkylation, Benzoylation, Carbylamine reaction, Diazotisation, Electrophilic substitution (bromination, nitration, and sulphonation), Tests for aniline, Uses of aniline Cyanides and Isocyanides: Methods of preparation, Cyanides: - From alkyl halide, From amide, Isocyanides: -From alkyl halide, From primary amines Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic chemistry |
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Biomolecules Carbohydrates– Definition, Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), D-Lconfiguration oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen); Importance of carbohydrates Proteins– structural units of proteins, Basic idea of - amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, structure of proteins- primary, secondary, tertiary structure and quaternary structures (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins, Enzymes, hormones- elementary idea only Vitamins- Classification and functions, Vitamins A, B, C, D, E and K: classification (fat soluble and water soluble), deficiency diseases, (Chemical names and structures are not required) Nucleic Acids- DNA and RNA |
ISC class 12 Chemistry Exam Pattern
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S.No. |
UNIT |
TOTAL WEIGHTAGE |
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1. |
Solid State |
Physical Chemistry 25 Marks |
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2. |
Solutions |
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3. |
Electrochemistry |
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4. |
Chemical Kinetics |
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5. |
Surface Chemistry |
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6. |
General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements |
Inorganic Chemistry 20 Marks |
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7. |
p-Block Elements |
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8. |
d and f Block Elements |
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9. |
Coordination Compounds |
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10. |
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes |
Organic Chemistry 25 Marks |
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11. |
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers |
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12. |
Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids |
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13. |
Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen |
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14. |
Biomolecules |
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15. |
Polymers |
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16. |
Chemistry in Everyday Life |
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TOTAL |
70 Marks |
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